Pomio District Electronic Tertiary Student Subsidy Funding (TSSF) system

This proposal document provides a discussion of the context of the project including the background, problem statement, purpose and significance of the project. It also discusses the review of literature pertaining to the project such as significant terms and concepts, high-level description of the proposed solution of the ETSSF system. Further, it discusses the methodology that could be used to develop the proposed solution including theories, models, processes and/or technologies. Finally, it discusses the tentative schedule and key deliverables of the project, glossary of key terminologies and references used to develop this proposal. Background†Going to university is big step in your life and career. It's a wonderful opportunity to further your knowledge, discover your passion and equip yourself with the right skills for your dream job. But, like most things in life, it requires a sacrifice of time, energy and financial resources† (Career Wise, 2017, para 1). It comes to the government attention that, they realised the students are the future human resource for the country and they must invest in them while still a student. Thus, the government introduce Tuition Fee Free Education which reduce the parent's burden. Pomio is located in the remote area of East New Britain Province (ENBP), Papua New Guinea (PNG) and it is also one of the District of ENBP known as Pomio District. Pomio District introduced the Tertiary Student Subsidy Funding in 2014, purposely to support the parents paying for their sibling's school fees. It is restricted only to the Pomio citizen who attended and will be attended recognized Tertiary institution. Since Pomio District is in the remote area, there are lack of roads connectivity due to the lack of development. Pomio District decided to allow its Local Level Government (LLG) to implement TSSF because people are scattered apart. Currently, in all the LLGs of Pomio District the student need to show their acceptance letter then will receive a TSSF application form. After filling the form they then attach the form with their acceptance letter and also the transcript except the new intake and submit them to the LLGs staff. The president sign the papers then bring all the application letter to the District Headquarter. Some LLG president will be traveling on the boat, some will be walking for one to two days and some will be traveling on the vehicle to reach the headquarters on a good weather condition. The District Administration then approve the list and travel on a boat to Kokopo bank branch to make the payment and send the list to registrars of Tertiary institution in PNG that the students attended. Problem statement Pomio District geographical is one of the factor that affect the travelling condition during bad weather for the Presidents of five LLG to reach the District Headquarter which caused delay in payment. Some non- Pomio citizens are also benefit from the TSSF through nepotism that is being practiced by the LLG staffs. There are also some student left out because their application form (papers) are being misplaced by either the LLGs staff or the District Headquarter staff. The staff need to thoroughly check through its student application form for necessary information needed and the same thing apply in the District Headquarter which is time consuming. Purpose & significance Electronic Tertiary Student Subsidy Funding (ETSSF) is an online financial scheme system for the Tertiary Student in the District level, in this case is the Pomio District. ETSSF help the LLG's staff to record all the student information through desktop application on time. The web application allow the district Headquarter staff to view the Tertiary student summary and either produce a cheque for school fee payment or make an online payment which make it easier to pay on time before the registration period of all Tertiary Institution. Literature reviewAbstraction ETSSF can also be referred to as the Tertiary Student Financial Scheme (TSFS) that practice in some countries. The developed Countries implementing TSFS in varies context online whereas the developing countries implementing the system manually in different context depending on government Policies. In this review focusing on ETSSF will be more elaborate on the functionality, previous project and benefit of the system. What is Electronic Tertiary Student Subsidy Funding? ETSSF is an online payment made by the LLGs to assist the parents in financial factor for their children who attend high institution. The fund is a public fund from the government allocate for the student.What are the functionalities of the ETSSF?ETSSF is the online system for the LLGs staff and the District Headquarters Staff that will be running on the desktop application and web application. The LLGs staff will use the desktop application to fill up the Student application Form or update the student detail on the Form then submit. The student data will be stored in the student database then the web application will retrieve the information in the database which will be viewed by the hand- user. The SOAP (simple object Protocol) allow the web server running on the hand-user computer using XML (extensible mark-up language). The hand-user can invoke web service and receive response since HTTP is installed and running in all operation system. The hand-users are the District Headquarter staffs that will view the Tertiary Student summary which the system will automatically create the total amount to be paid, list of student per institution then it can make an online payment or produce a cheque. Figure 1: illustrate the how the propose system process information. Previous Project Many countries have the FSFS system in the form of grant financial assistance and loan financial assistance but contradict in some measures applied by their government in Education sector. Apart from all the countries, Hong Kong has the similar project like the ETSSF which is managed by the student finance office abroad the nation (Student Finance office, 2015 & 2018, page 1). Benefits When implementing the system in the District Level, there are some benefits the ETSSF will provide such as; Reduce the transport cost- currently the transportation cost to the District headquarters from the different LLG is too costly because the district is in the remote areas where people a scattered apart from each other. All student will be registered- Everything will be done on time as schedule that will benefit the student especially during the registration week. Reduce Time consuming- application will be used to create application form to record student details, that will be stored in the database, then web application retrieve and manipulate it via network for the District staff to view student record rather than the manual system Conclusion Therefore, ETSSF is the system that will be implemented in the District Level to help the LLGs staffs and District Headquarters deal with subsidy funding for the Tertiary Student on time. The application will create accessibilities between the LLGS and the Headquarters. Proposed solution Description The Electronic Tertiary Student Subsidy Funding will have the desktop application and web application for the Pomio District Staff to access the system. ETSSF is a newly subsystem of TSFS that propose for the District level to access it whereas for the TSFS is a broad system for the whole country. The LLG staffs will use the desktop application to record the student details and update the student information. Regarding the confirmation purposes the system will verify the student to the District Database to prove if he or she is a citizen of Pomio. The hand user are the District staff such as the District Administration, Member of Parliament (MP) and Finance officer will use the web application to view the student detail, total number of student, list of student in each university, total subsidy funding, and provide fees payment option for the finance officer to either make the payment online or cheques payment. The system will provide the online payment accessibility and it also can produce a cheque. The ETSSF will automatically calculate the total fee and produce a list of the student under the university that they will be attended. The system will also keep record of how many student the District has been assisted with Funding scheme. ComponentsThe ETSSF system will include two external users, the LLG staffs and the Headquarter staffs. The desktop application and web application will be used to help the LLGs staff record and update student details. The District Headquarters staff will be able to view all the details which will be automatically generated by the system. The ETSSF will also allow the financial staff to do the payment either online or cheque payment which the cheque will be generated by the system also. 4.2.1 Context Diagram Figure 2: The diagram above show the information from the staff to the propose system and from the propose system to the District Headquarters staff. 5. Methodology 5.1 Project framework Tertiary Student Financial scheme is the large system practice in many developed countries online and also practice in Papua New Guinea manually. ETSSF is a subsystem of the TSFS and is a newly propose system that will be established in the district level. However, the propose system is an online system rather than manual system. The newly propose system will be developed using the iteration system development approach. The basic idea behind this method is to develop a system through repeated cycles (iterative) and in smaller portions at a time (incremental), allowing software developers to take advantage of what was learned during development of earlier parts or versions of the system (Wikipedia, 2018, para 2). After the system being implemented failure may be identify and the system should be updated in the future. The diagram below show the development of the propose system model using iteration system approach over the SDLC. Figure 3: show the iteration system approach which the propose system will be developed upon. Technologies The different technologies the propose system will be using are; Visual Studio.Net (2013/2010) C# or C++ – visual Basic is a technological tool use to create the desktop application for the data recording and updating. Object-oriented programming can be apply to produce the desktop application. Workbench MySQL and XAMPP server- is a server that store all the student record in the student database. It can be run on the web server in the datacentre for the district. ASP.Net – is a technology tool use to support or create web application to make it possible for the district headquarters by creating its website. It will be used to create the website of the system. Tentative schedule The propose system will be done according to the schedule below. Figure 4: show the schedule of the propose project in the iteration life cycle. If the system is test and encounter a problem then analyse the system again and repeat the whole process until the final system is complete. Key deliverables The Propose system key deliverable after completion is to deliver; Accessibility for the student to apply for the Subsidy funding and the Headquarters Staff to access the student application form. Transparency which will avoid wantok system or nepotism meaning no non-Pomio citizen will be subsidize under the District Fund due to their relative working in the LLGs. Time management which all task perform in a given time and finished off on a given time as schedule.  GlossaryETSSF (Electronic Tertiary Student Subsidy Funding) – is a government sponsorship financial scheme online system for the District level to financially assist Tertiary student in the district.Granted financial Assistance- the government assistance of the student that cover tuition fee, academic expense, and compulsory union fee.Incremental development- a development approach that completes parts of a system in several iteration and then puts them into operation for users.Iteration- System development process in which work activities-analysis, design, Implementation are done once, then again and yet again on different system components; they are repeated until the system is closer to what is ultimately neededLoan financial Assistance- is the government assistance of the student but it has a living expenses, meaning student will pay interested –bearing which the government set per annum chargeable from the commencement of the repayment period.TSFS (Tertiary Student Financial Scheme) – Is a public-funded program that provide financial Assistance to the student in the form of loan and granted which is administered by the Government student finance office.ReferencesProvide reference list of sources you have used to develop this document. Use APA referencing style Iterative and incremental development. (2018).Retrieve July 1, 2018, from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iterative_and_incremental_developmentStudent Financial Office. (2015 & 2018). Hong Kong: TertiaryStude nt Financial Scheme. Retrieve from https://www.wfsfaa.gov.hk/sfo/en/index.htmCareer wise. (2017).Tertiary funding. Retrieve from https://careerwise.co.za/tertiary-funding/Satzinger, J. W., Jackson, R.B., & Burd, S.D. (2010). Systems analysis and design in a changing world. (5th ed.). Boston: Course Technology

Fundamental Attribution Error Essay

The human nature is an interesting subject to study, each individual has their own way of seeing things in their own perspective or ways of persuading others, in order to make sense of their own life’s. Fundamental attribution error being one important concept, this explains a persons behavior, how a person can underestimate circumstances yet overestimate ones characteristics. For example if a man didn’t hold the door for woman when walking into a store, the woman behind him might conclude that man doesn’t have manners or is uncivil. That woman interrupted the situation in her perspective without considering situational factors, such as, he might have been running late or he didn’t notice another person behind him. People will judge primarily on their experience with that individual without considering other factors or placing their selves in their situation. An important researcher known as Milgram, he challenged the demands of authority on obedience, and how far are people willing to conform to orders. Milgram analyses social compliance and obedience toward superior in his experiment. In the study there is a learner, teacher and administrator, each of whom play an important role in the experiment. The teacher is the one giving the questions to the learner and if the learner gets the answer wrong the teacher is obligated to shock the learner. The administrator has the authority to tell the teacher to increase the level on the shock generator. When the learner continues get an answer incorrect the shocks get stronger from 15 to 450 volts and so the learner refuses to continue because he cannot endure anymore pain. The teacher complies with the commands given by administrator to keep going even if the learner is hurt. Milgram experiment was successful and demonstrates how people obey to represent cooperativeness or by fear even if it goes against better judgment. The concept of fundamental attribution error and Milgram’s research on obedience takes an important role in David’s response to his history teacher’s question to why so many German people complied with Hitler’s order to systematically slaughter millions of innocent Jews. David’s response being, â€Å"because German’s were unusually cruel, sadistic people with abnormal and twisted personalities. † The fundamental attribution error in David’s response is when he penalized every single person in the German population for being all cruel, sadistic, abnormal and twisted personalities. He used Germans behavior as a significant factor as their external disposition to judge all Germans for their actions. Also in David’s response, the German population was responsible for the harm to the Jewish community, although Hitler was the prime leader and influenced the outbreak of the Nazi Party. Hitler’s leadership illustrates a great example of Milgram’s research, of abuse of power and obedience in German society. Milgram reveals how people, in this situation German citizens obeyed to higher authority either because of fear or collaboration. David was not able to see the underlining causation of Germany’s injustice, although this is common act, people are usually compelled to unrightfully circumstances and overestimating people.

Low Stakes Paper: The Shepherd’s Horn Essay

In â€Å"The Shepherd’s Horn†, persuasion plays an essential role throughout the entire story. Persuasion can be an extremely powerful tool and through telling this story, Hansen illustrates just how significant it can be. â€Å"The Shepherd’s Horn† tells the story of a young couple, Ragnhild and Guttorm, who are prevented from having a relationship by Ragnhild’s protective father, Thord. Together, Ragnhild and Guttorm have a child out of wedlock, therefore forcing the couple to hide their relationship as well as their child from Ranghild’s mother and father in fear of disapproval. However, with the help of Caroline, the story’s narrator, the couple is finally reconciled with her parents because Caroline’s abilities to persuade are no match for Thord. Caroline’s curiosity in the story is essential because without it, the story may not have had such a happy ending. His recognition of the sound from the mysterious horn in his dream is what ultimately leads him to learn about the story of Ragnhild and Guttorm and to his surprise, their child. Touched by their romantic story, Caroline was able to convince Ragnhild and Guttorm to have courage and tell her parents the truth about their relationship, as well as their child. This is where the first major instance of persuasion occurs in the story. Caroline’s influential approach was the first step in having the couple confess to Ragnhild’s mother and father the life that they had been hiding for many years. After he was able to convince them to lay â€Å"their fate in [his] hands†, they proceeded to find Thord. Ragnhild and Guttorm had been hiding this child for months, and their relationship for even longer, so the fact that Caroline was able to convince them with such ease to finally admit this story shows that Caroline is a very skillful persuader. However, rather than flat out telling Thord the truth, Caroline first went about telling him in a very clever manner. Caroline started by telling Thord a â€Å"tale† that paralleled the story of Ragnhild and Guttorm, easing the idea of the reality of the situation onto Thord. As he saw Thord grow more and more intrigued in the story, he skillfully explained at the end, how the story taught, â€Å"about your royal lineage†¦here lies the word of the Lord, which teaches that we are the same before God. It teaches humility and forgiveness, mercy and love†. His choice to compare his tale with that of Ragnhild and Guttorm’s was witty as he was first able to explain the moral of the story before Thord became too enraged to listen, which may not have been the case if he had only heard the story of Ragnhild and Guttorm. After Thord had heard everything that Caroline had to say about how, in fact, this story taught valuable life lessons about forgiveness, Caroline decided to proceed right into revealing Ragnhild and Guttorm’s child. At first, Thord and his wife were angry and upset. However, it was Caroline’s continuous efforts to persuade the couple combined with the respect that the couple had for him that eventually lead to their forgiveness. Much to all of their surprise, Thord was able to forgive Ragnhild and Guttorm and open to making peace with the situation. The story ended with Ragnhild and Guttorm happily married and the child was named after Caroline as a means of respect for what he had done for their family. After reading this story, I was able to see how prevalent the idea of persuasion was. It occurred throughout the entire story in instances that may have gone unnoticed, such as when Caroline convinced his driver to drive to the location after hearing the horn, as well as in very impactful places, when Caroline convinced Thord and his wife to forgive their daughter. Whether it was a climactic or part of the story or not, Caroline was very tactful in his methods, which ultimately lead to the happy ending of this story. While sometimes persuasion can be seen as manipulative, in â€Å"The Shepherd’s Horn†, it illustrates how the persuasion of even strangers can have such a positive impact. Caroline was able to use things such as diction, reasoning, and other persuasive strategies in order to achieve his goals of easing the reality of the situation on Ragnhild’s parents. Not only does persuasion take a lot of strategy, but it also requires courage. If it weren’t for Caroline’s persistence and persuasive methods, Ragnhild and Guttorm may not have had the courage to tell her parents and would ultimately live in hiding for the rest of their lives.

Where you sit on a commercial aircraft can determine if you survive an Research Paper

Where you sit on a commercial aircraft can determine if you survive an airplane crash - Research Paper Example Several studies have analyzed plane accidents in the past in an effort to find out which seats can be considered as being safe. Before any passenger tries to locate the safest seat while boarding a plane, it is important to take note of the realization basing on the past accidents that the ratio of a passenger dying in the event of a crash while using one of the top twenty five airlines considered to be the safest is 1 to 5.4 million (Noland 2). This implies that airlines have become safer and safer with time. It is also true that the chances of surviving while using airliners which have a history of crashing is placed at thirty percent. Considering the two facts above, basing of the statistics, the selection of a safer seat can improve your chances of surviving while travelling in commercial aircrafts in case of a ditch or a crash. Ditching refers to the situation where a plane is forced to land in a place that is not a runway. A good example of a ditch is the accident that took place in January 2009 in Hudson River involving a U. S Airways jet. In this accident, no fatalities were recorded. A crash on the other hand refers to the situation where a pilot is helpless hence has no control over the plane or an attempt by the pilot to ditch a plane misfires (Noland 1). The manufacturers of aircrafts, airline companies as well as Federal Aviation Administration have come up with quotes insisting that all seats are safe in a plane. Several studies have been conducted in relation to such quotes with most studies dismissing the quotes. One of such studies is the ‘Popular Mechanic’ magazine which analyzed data on airline crashes from 1971 and examined the seating positions of the survivors. According to its findings, the magazine concluded that in any airline, the safest seats are the rear seats located behind the wing (Noland 1). From the studies, it was observed that passengers sitting at the rear cabin had a forty percent chance of

Levels of Needs in WheelWorks, Inc Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Levels of Needs in WheelWorks, Inc - Case Study Example The need of esteem is also met because Wheelworks has employees who are motivated to help people in getting the correct product, without any ulterior motives. Finally, as the employees operate with perfect motivation to sell the cycles, without thinking about the incentives, the need of self-actualization formalizes. â€Å"Both self-actualization and esteem can only be realized in a participative workplace which fosters intrinsic motivation† (Pojidaeff, 1995).   According to Frederick Herzberg’s theory, factors that cause job satisfaction and motivation were quite different from the factors, which lead to job dissatisfaction. â€Å"He called the satisfiers motivators and the dissatisfiers hygiene factors† (netmba.com). According to Herzberg, motivators such as achievement and the resultant recognition lead to job satisfaction, while Hygiene factors such as inadequate salary could cause job dissatisfaction. Inside Wheelworks, there are a lot of satisfiers or motivators. Majority of the employees in Wheelworks in their personal life are bikes lovers and so they enjoy talking about bikes. As their job entitles to talk about the bikes to the prospective customers, they are optimally motivated to do that job. So, their personality works as a main motivator to optimize their performance. The hygiene factor that could cause dissatisfaction is, the employees in Wheelworks will find it difficult to become rich or financially stable quickly.

Greed and Grievance in Civil War Research Paper

Greed and Grievance in Civil War - Research Paper Example The author explored the greed theory, preference, and grievance and rebellion in relation to the onset of the war. Using 78 large civil wars in existence, they found that constraints of resources evoke the sense of rebellion and subsequent conflicts. In addition, the authors discovered that during the American Civil War, for instance, there were over 1,000 combat-related deaths. Besides, the authors identify that the war was caused by two main structural and system malfunction. Notably, using preference and constraints as key elements, they noted that Civil war was more prevalent because constraints to rebellion were typically weak. It meant that the group could advance its agitation with limited control from any authority. Secondly, the war started because preference to rebellion was typically strong. In addition, they identified political scientist analysis that the war was advance further by the existence of diversity that includes racial, tribal and religious groups. Political re pression, discrimination, and racial segregation are noted as the leading causes of the civil war. In addition, it notes that rebellion and social movement was the biggest platform that pushed for preference and later rebellion.Moreover, the authors studied labor organization movement and agitation for better working conditions and good wages as the fundamental contributors to rising of the war. Evidently, the authors found that it took 500-5000 employees rebellion from a workplace to instigate a wave of the civil action in the firm.

Writing a physics report Lab Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Writing a physics - Lab Report Example Fenner and other (1984) indicated that the modulus of rigidity is given by the ratio of stress to shear strain often represented mathematically as ï  ´/ï  §. As widely cited, modulus of rigidity is essential in measuring the material’s shear stiffness and it is known to be analogous to Young’s modulus for any elastic behaviour in compression or tension (Benham, Crawford & Armstrong, 1996). Given that a ductile material component useful in providing shear, an individual need to note that the maximum shear stress is safety, which is less than the materials yield shear stress (ï  ´y). However, a brittle material the criterion of failure is based upon its tensile stress (Gere &Timoshenko, 1984). Research indicate that the theory of torsion often give the torque in form of rotation as The equation 1 above is often derived from Hooke’s law and it is also valid for the shear stresses though somewhat lower than shearing proportional limit (Case, Chilver & Ross, 1993). In a solid circular section, it has been outlined mathematically that the polar second moment of the area of cross section is given by equation (2) (Ryder, 1969) In this experimental set up, there were various sets of apparatus used. Among them were the torsion machine, a torsion bar, a gearbox, a torque meter, two protractors, a counter, and a hand-wheel. This way, a torsion machine was used for carrying out a test involving a specimen that was accommodated within the socket at each end. The 60:1 reduction gearbox served the purpose of manually applying the angular displacement at the left- hand side. The torsion bar was essential in this experiment given that it was used for measuring the torque when at right-side with a torque meter being used for reading digital data. The two protractors listed above were vital in this experiment since they were used for purposes of measuring the rotation of the specimen. They were placed at the gearbox, in which case, one was placed at the input hand wheel